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Message-Id: <20160914072415.26021-23-mic@digikod.net>
Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2016 09:24:15 +0200
From: Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
To: linux-kernel@...r.kernel.org
Cc: Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>,
Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>,
Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>, Arnd Bergmann <arnd@...db.de>,
Casey Schaufler <casey@...aufler-ca.com>,
Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>,
Daniel Mack <daniel@...que.org>, David Drysdale <drysdale@...gle.com>,
"David S . Miller" <davem@...emloft.net>,
Elena Reshetova <elena.reshetova@...el.com>,
"Eric W . Biederman" <ebiederm@...ssion.com>,
James Morris <james.l.morris@...cle.com>,
Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>, Paul Moore <pmoore@...hat.com>,
Sargun Dhillon <sargun@...gun.me>,
"Serge E . Hallyn" <serge@...lyn.com>, Tejun Heo <tj@...nel.org>,
Will Drewry <wad@...omium.org>, kernel-hardening@...ts.openwall.com,
linux-api@...r.kernel.org, linux-security-module@...r.kernel.org,
netdev@...r.kernel.org, cgroups@...r.kernel.org
Subject: [RFC v3 22/22] samples/landlock: Add sandbox example
Add a basic sandbox tool to create a process isolated from some part of
the system. This can depend of the current cgroup.
Example with the current process hierarchy (seccomp):
$ ls /home
user1
$ LANDLOCK_ALLOWED='/bin:/lib:/usr:/tmp:/proc/self/fd/0' \
./samples/landlock/sandbox /bin/sh -i
Launching a new sandboxed process.
$ ls /home
ls: cannot open directory '/home': Permission denied
Example with a cgroup:
$ mkdir /sys/fs/cgroup/sandboxed
$ ls /home
user1
$ LANDLOCK_CGROUPS='/sys/fs/cgroup/sandboxed' \
LANDLOCK_ALLOWED='/bin:/lib:/usr:/tmp:/proc/self/fd/0' \
./samples/landlock/sandbox
Ready to sandbox with cgroups.
$ ls /home
user1
$ echo $$ > /sys/fs/cgroup/sandboxed/cgroup.procs
$ ls /home
ls: cannot open directory '/home': Permission denied
Changes since v2:
* use BPF_PROG_ATTACH for cgroup handling
Signed-off-by: Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@...nel.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@...capital.net>
Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@...earbox.net>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@...emloft.net>
Cc: James Morris <james.l.morris@...cle.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@...omium.org>
Cc: Serge E. Hallyn <serge@...lyn.com>
---
samples/Makefile | 2 +-
samples/landlock/.gitignore | 1 +
samples/landlock/Makefile | 16 +++
samples/landlock/sandbox.c | 307 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
4 files changed, 325 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
create mode 100644 samples/landlock/.gitignore
create mode 100644 samples/landlock/Makefile
create mode 100644 samples/landlock/sandbox.c
diff --git a/samples/Makefile b/samples/Makefile
index 1a20169d85ac..a2dcd57ca7ac 100644
--- a/samples/Makefile
+++ b/samples/Makefile
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
obj-$(CONFIG_SAMPLES) += kobject/ kprobes/ trace_events/ livepatch/ \
hw_breakpoint/ kfifo/ kdb/ hidraw/ rpmsg/ seccomp/ \
- configfs/ connector/ v4l/ trace_printk/
+ configfs/ connector/ v4l/ trace_printk/ landlock/
diff --git a/samples/landlock/.gitignore b/samples/landlock/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f6c6da930a30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/landlock/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/sandbox
diff --git a/samples/landlock/Makefile b/samples/landlock/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d1044b2afd27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/landlock/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# kbuild trick to avoid linker error. Can be omitted if a module is built.
+obj- := dummy.o
+
+hostprogs-$(CONFIG_SECURITY_LANDLOCK) := sandbox
+sandbox-objs := sandbox.o
+
+always := $(hostprogs-y)
+
+HOSTCFLAGS += -I$(objtree)/usr/include
+
+# Trick to allow make to be run from this directory
+all:
+ $(MAKE) -C ../../ $$PWD/
+
+clean:
+ $(MAKE) -C ../../ M=$$PWD clean
diff --git a/samples/landlock/sandbox.c b/samples/landlock/sandbox.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..9d6ac00cdd23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/samples/landlock/sandbox.c
@@ -0,0 +1,307 @@
+/*
+ * Landlock LSM - Sandbox example
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2016 Mickaël Salaün <mic@...ikod.net>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 3, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h> /* open() */
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/filter.h>
+#include <linux/prctl.h>
+#include <linux/seccomp.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include "../../tools/include/linux/filter.h"
+
+#include "../bpf/libbpf.c"
+
+#ifndef seccomp
+static int seccomp(unsigned int op, unsigned int flags, void *args)
+{
+ errno = 0;
+ return syscall(__NR_seccomp, op, flags, args);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int landlock_prog_load(const struct bpf_insn *insns, int prog_len,
+ enum landlock_hook_id hook_id, __u64 access)
+{
+ union bpf_attr attr = {
+ .prog_type = BPF_PROG_TYPE_LANDLOCK,
+ .insns = ptr_to_u64((void *) insns),
+ .insn_cnt = prog_len / sizeof(struct bpf_insn),
+ .license = ptr_to_u64((void *) "GPL"),
+ .log_buf = ptr_to_u64(bpf_log_buf),
+ .log_size = LOG_BUF_SIZE,
+ .log_level = 1,
+ .prog_subtype.landlock_hook = {
+ .id = hook_id,
+ .origin = LANDLOCK_FLAG_ORIGIN_SECCOMP |
+ LANDLOCK_FLAG_ORIGIN_SYSCALL |
+ LANDLOCK_FLAG_ORIGIN_INTERRUPT,
+ .access = access,
+ },
+ };
+
+ /* assign one field outside of struct init to make sure any
+ * padding is zero initialized
+ */
+ attr.kern_version = 0;
+
+ bpf_log_buf[0] = 0;
+
+ return syscall(__NR_bpf, BPF_PROG_LOAD, &attr, sizeof(attr));
+}
+
+#define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(a[0]))
+
+static int apply_sandbox(const char **allowed_paths, int path_nb, const char
+ **cgroup_paths, int cgroup_nb)
+{
+ __u32 key;
+ int i, ret = 0, map_fs = -1, offset;
+
+ /* set up the test sandbox */
+ if (prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0)) {
+ perror("prctl(no_new_priv)");
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ /* register a new syscall filter */
+ struct sock_filter filter0[] = {
+ /* pass a cookie containing 5 to the LSM hook filter */
+ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_LANDLOCK | 5),
+ };
+ struct sock_fprog prog0 = {
+ .len = (unsigned short)ARRAY_SIZE(filter0),
+ .filter = filter0,
+ };
+ if (!cgroup_nb) {
+ if (seccomp(SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER, 0, &prog0)) {
+ perror("seccomp(set_filter)");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (path_nb) {
+ map_fs = bpf_create_map(BPF_MAP_TYPE_LANDLOCK_ARRAY,
+ sizeof(key), sizeof(struct landlock_handle),
+ 10, 0);
+ if (map_fs < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "bpf_create_map(fs): %s\n",
+ strerror(errno));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ for (key = 0; key < path_nb; key++) {
+ int fd = open(allowed_paths[key],
+ O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "open(fs: \"%s\"): %s\n",
+ allowed_paths[key],
+ strerror(errno));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ struct landlock_handle handle = {
+ .type = BPF_MAP_HANDLE_TYPE_LANDLOCK_FS_FD,
+ .fd = (__u64)fd,
+ };
+
+ /* register a new LSM handle */
+ if (bpf_update_elem(map_fs, &key, &handle, BPF_ANY)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "bpf_update_elem(fs: \"%s\"): %s\n",
+ allowed_paths[key],
+ strerror(errno));
+ close(fd);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* load a LSM filter hook (eBPF) */
+ struct bpf_insn hook_pre[] = {
+ /* save context */
+ BPF_MOV64_REG(BPF_REG_6, BPF_REG_1),
+
+#if 0
+ /* check our cookie (not used in this example) */
+ BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_H, BPF_REG_0, BPF_REG_6, offsetof(struct
+ landlock_data, cookie)),
+ BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JEQ, BPF_REG_0, 5, 2),
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0),
+ BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+#endif
+ };
+ struct bpf_insn hook_path[] = {
+ /* specify an option, if any */
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_1, 0),
+ /* handles to compare with */
+ BPF_LD_MAP_FD(BPF_REG_2, map_fs),
+ BPF_MOV64_IMM(BPF_REG_3, BPF_MAP_ARRAY_OP_OR),
+ /* hook argument (struct file) */
+ BPF_LDX_MEM(BPF_DW, BPF_REG_4, BPF_REG_6, offsetof(struct
+ landlock_data, args[0])),
+ /* checker function */
+ BPF_EMIT_CALL(BPF_FUNC_landlock_cmp_fs_beneath_with_struct_file),
+
+ /* if the checked path is beneath the handle */
+ BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0),
+ BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+ /* allow anonymous mapping */
+ BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JNE, BPF_REG_0, -ENOENT, 2),
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, 0),
+ BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+ /* deny by default, if any error */
+ BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JGE, BPF_REG_0, 0, 2),
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, EACCES),
+ BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+ };
+ struct bpf_insn hook_post[] = {
+ BPF_MOV32_IMM(BPF_REG_0, EACCES),
+ BPF_EXIT_INSN(),
+ };
+
+ unsigned long hook_size = sizeof(hook_pre) + sizeof(hook_path) *
+ (path_nb ? 1 : 0) + sizeof(hook_post);
+
+ struct bpf_insn *hook0 = malloc(hook_size);
+ if (!hook0) {
+ perror("malloc");
+ ret = 1;
+ goto err_alloc;
+ }
+ memcpy(hook0, hook_pre, sizeof(hook_pre));
+ offset = sizeof(hook_pre) / sizeof(hook0[0]);
+ if (path_nb) {
+ memcpy(hook0 + offset, hook_path, sizeof(hook_path));
+ offset += sizeof(hook_path) / sizeof(hook0[0]);
+ }
+ memcpy(hook0 + offset, hook_post, sizeof(hook_post));
+
+ /* TODO: handle inode_permission hook (e.g. chdir) */
+ enum landlock_hook_id hooks[] = {
+ LANDLOCK_HOOK_FILE_OPEN,
+ LANDLOCK_HOOK_FILE_PERMISSION,
+ LANDLOCK_HOOK_MMAP_FILE,
+ };
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(hooks) && !ret; i++) {
+ int bpf0 = landlock_prog_load(hook0, hook_size, hooks[i], 0);
+ if (bpf0 == -1) {
+ perror("prog_load");
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s", bpf_log_buf);
+ ret = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!cgroup_nb) {
+ if (seccomp(SECCOMP_SET_LANDLOCK_HOOK, 0, &bpf0)) {
+ perror("seccomp(set_hook)");
+ ret = 1;
+ }
+ } else {
+ for (key = 0; key < cgroup_nb && !ret; key++) {
+ int fd = open(cgroup_paths[key],
+ O_DIRECTORY | O_CLOEXEC);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "open(cgroup: \"%s\"): %s\n",
+ cgroup_paths[key], strerror(errno));
+ ret = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ if (bpf_prog_attach(bpf0, fd, BPF_CGROUP_LANDLOCK)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "bpf_prog_attach(cgroup: \"%s\"): %s\n",
+ cgroup_paths[key], strerror(errno));
+ ret = 1;
+ }
+ close(fd);
+ }
+ }
+ close(bpf0);
+ }
+
+ free(hook0);
+err_alloc:
+ if (path_nb) {
+ close(map_fs);
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+#define ENV_FS_PATH_NAME "LANDLOCK_ALLOWED"
+#define ENV_CGROUP_PATH_NAME "LANDLOCK_CGROUPS"
+#define ENV_PATH_TOKEN ":"
+
+static int parse_path(char *env_path, const char ***path_list)
+{
+ int i, path_nb = 0;
+
+ if (env_path) {
+ path_nb++;
+ for (i = 0; env_path[i]; i++) {
+ if (env_path[i] == ENV_PATH_TOKEN[0]) {
+ path_nb++;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ *path_list = malloc(path_nb * sizeof(**path_list));
+ for (i = 0; i < path_nb; i++) {
+ (*path_list)[i] = strsep(&env_path, ENV_PATH_TOKEN);
+ }
+
+ return path_nb;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char * const argv[], char * const *envp)
+{
+ char *cmd_path;
+ char *env_path_allowed, *env_path_cgroup;
+ int path_nb, cgroup_nb;
+ const char **sb_paths = NULL;
+ const char **cg_paths = NULL;
+ char * const *cmd_argv;
+
+ env_path_allowed = getenv(ENV_FS_PATH_NAME);
+ if (env_path_allowed)
+ env_path_allowed = strdup(env_path_allowed);
+ env_path_cgroup = getenv(ENV_CGROUP_PATH_NAME);
+ if (env_path_cgroup)
+ env_path_cgroup = strdup(env_path_cgroup);
+
+ path_nb = parse_path(env_path_allowed, &sb_paths);
+ cgroup_nb = parse_path(env_path_cgroup, &cg_paths);
+ if (argc < 2 && !cgroup_nb) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s <cmd> [args]...\n\n", argv[0]);
+ fprintf(stderr, "Environment variables containing paths, each separated by a colon:\n");
+ fprintf(stderr, "* %s (whitelist of allowed files and directories)\n",
+ ENV_FS_PATH_NAME);
+ fprintf(stderr, "* %s (optional cgroup paths for which the sandbox is enabled)\n",
+ ENV_CGROUP_PATH_NAME);
+ fprintf(stderr, "\nexample:\n%s='/bin:/lib:/usr:/tmp:/proc/self/fd/0' %s /bin/sh -i\n",
+ ENV_FS_PATH_NAME, argv[0]);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ if (apply_sandbox(sb_paths, path_nb, cg_paths, cgroup_nb))
+ return 1;
+ if (!cgroup_nb) {
+ cmd_path = argv[1];
+ cmd_argv = argv + 1;
+ fprintf(stderr, "Launching a new sandboxed process.\n");
+ execve(cmd_path, cmd_argv, envp);
+ perror("execve");
+ return 1;
+ }
+ fprintf(stderr, "Ready to sandbox with cgroups.\n");
+ return 0;
+}
--
2.9.3
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