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Message-ID: <20190514204512.GA19340@openwall.com> Date: Tue, 14 May 2019 22:45:13 +0200 From: Solar Designer <solar@...nwall.com> To: announce@...ts.openwall.com, john-users@...ts.openwall.com Subject: John the Ripper 1.9.0-jumbo-1 Hi, We've just released John the Ripper 1.9.0-jumbo-1, available from the usual place: https://www.openwall.com/john/ Only the source code tarball (and indeed repository link) is published right now. I expect to add some binary builds later (perhaps Win64). It's been 4.5 years and 6000+ jumbo tree commits (not counting JtR core tree commits, nor merge commits) since we released 1.8.0-jumbo-1: https://www.openwall.com/lists/announce/2014/12/18/1 During this time, we recommended most users to use bleeding-jumbo, our development tree, which worked reasonably well - yet we also see value in making occasional releases. So here goes. Top contributors who made 10+ commits each since 1.8.0-jumbo-1: magnum (2623) JimF (1545) Dhiru Kholia (532) Claudio Andre (318) Sayantan Datta (266) Frank Dittrich (248) Zhang Lei (108) Kai Zhao (84) Solar (75) Apingis (58) Fist0urs (30) Elena Ago (15) Aleksey Cherepanov (10) About 70 others have also directly contributed (with 1 to 6 commits each), see doc/CREDITS-jumbo and doc/CHANGES-jumbo (auto-generated from git). Many others have contributed indirectly (not through git). Indeed, the number of commits doesn't accurately reflect the value of contributions, but the overall picture is clear. In fact, we have the exact same top 6 contributors (by commit count) that we did for the 1.7.9-jumbo-8 to 1.8.0-jumbo-1 period years ago. That's some stability in our developer community. And we also have many new and occasional contributors. That's quite some community life around the project. Unlike for 1.8.0-jumbo-1, which we just released as-is without a detailed list of changes (unfortunately!), this time we went for the trouble to compile a fairly detailed list - albeit not going for per-format change detail, with few exceptions, as that would have taken forever to write (and for you to read!) This took us (mostly magnum and me, with substantial help from Claudio) a few days to compile, so we hope some of you find this useful. Included below is 1.9.0-jumbo-1/doc/NEWS, verbatim: --- Major changes from 1.8.0-jumbo-1 (December 2014) to 1.9.0-jumbo-1 (May 2019): - Updated to 1.9.0 core, which brought the following relevant major changes: - Optimizations for faster handling of large password hash files (such as with tens or hundreds million hashes), including loading, cracking, and "--show". These include avoidance of unnecessary parsing (some of which creeped into the loader in prior jumbo versions), use of larger hash tables, optional use of SSE prefetch instructions on groups of many hash table lookups instead of doing the lookups one by one, and data layout changes to improve locality of reference. [Solar; 2015-2017] - Benchmark using all-different candidate passwords of length 7 by default (except for a few formats where the length is different - e.g., WPA's is 8 as that's the shortest valid), which resembles actual cracking and hashcat benchmarks closer. [Solar, magnum; 2019] - Bitslice DES implementation supporting more SIMD instruction sets than before (in addition to our prior support of MMX through AVX and XOP on x86(-64), NEON on 32-bit ARM, and AltiVec on POWER): - On x86(-64): AVX2, AVX-512 (including for second generation Xeon Phi), and MIC (for first generation Xeon Phi). - On Aarch64: Advanced SIMD (ASIMD). [Solar, magnum; 2015-2019] - Bitslice DES S-box expressions using AVX-512's "ternary logic" (actually, 3-input LUT) instructions (the _mm512_ternarylogic_epi32() intrinsic). [DeepLearningJohnDoe, Roman Rusakov, Solar; 2015, 2019] (In jumbo, we now also use those expressions in OpenCL on NVIDIA Maxwell and above - in fact, that was their initial target, for which they were implemented in both JtR jumbo and hashcat earlier than the reuse of these expressions on AVX-512.) See also: - https://www.openwall.com/lists/announce/2019/04/12/1 1.9.0 core release - Added FPGA support for 7 hash types for ZTEX 1.15y boards ("./configure --enable-ztex", requires libusb). Specifically, we support: bcrypt, descrypt (including its bigcrypt extension), sha512crypt & Drupal7, sha256crypt, md5crypt (including its Apache apr1 and AIX smd5 variations) & phpass. As far as we're aware, several of these are implemented on FPGA for the very first time. For bcrypt, our ~119k c/s at cost 5 in ~27W greatly outperforms latest high-end GPUs per board, per dollar, and per Watt. For descrypt (where we have ~970M c/s in ~34W) and to a lesser extent for sha512crypt & Drupal7 and for sha256crypt, our FPGA results are comparable to current GPUs'. For md5crypt & phpass our FPGA results are much worse than current GPUs'; we provide support for those hashes to allow for more (re)uses of those boards. We also support multi-board clusters (tested by Royce Williams for up to 16 boards, thus 64 FPGAs, all sharing a USB 2.0 port on a Raspberry Pi 2 host). For all 7 hash types, we have on-device candidate password generation for mask mode (and hybrid modes applying a mask on top of host-provided candidates from another cracking mode) and on-device hash comparison (of computed hashes against those loaded for cracking). We provide pre-built bitstreams (5 of them, two of which support two hash types each due to our use of multi-threaded soft CPU cores interfacing to cryptographic cores) and full source project trees. [Hardware design and host code by Denis Burykin, project coordination by Solar Designer, testing also by Royce Williams, Aleksey Cherepanov, and teraflopgroup. 2016-2019. See also: - doc/README-ZTEX, src/ztex/fpga-*/README.md - [List.ZTEX:Devices] and [ZTEX:*] john.conf sections - https://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2019/03/26/3 bcrypt - https://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2019/03/29/1 descrypt - https://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2019/02/03/1 sha512crypt, Drupal7 - https://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2019/01/12/1 sha256crypt - https://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2019/04/01/1 md5crypt, phpass - https://www.techsolvency.com/passwords/ztex/ Royce Williams' cluster - https://www.ztex.de/usb-fpga-1/usb-fpga-1.15y.e.html board specifications These are old (introduced in 2011-2012), mostly ex-Bitcoin-miner boards with four Spartan-6 LX150 FPGAs per board. ZTEX sold these boards for 999 EUR (plus EU VAT if applicable) in 2012 with the price gradually decreasing to 349 EUR (plus VAT) in 2015, after which point the boards were discontinued. Used boards were commonly resold on eBay, etc. (often in significant quantities) in 2014 to 2016 for anywhere from $50 to 250 EUR, but are now unfortunately hard to find. We support both German original and compatible US clones of the boards. - Dropped CUDA support because of lack of interest. We're focusing on OpenCL, which is more portable and also runs great on NVIDIA cards (in fact, much better than CUDA did for us before, due to our runtime auto-tuning and greater focus on getting OpenCL right). - We now have 88 OpenCL formats, up from 47 in 1.8.0-jumbo-1. (The formats may be listed with "--list=formats --format=opencl".) - Added 47 OpenCL formats: androidbackup-opencl, ansible-opencl, axcrypt-opencl, axcrypt2-opencl, bitlocker-opencl, bitwarden-opencl, cloudkeychain-opencl, dashlane-opencl, diskcryptor-aes-opencl, diskcryptor-opencl, electrum-modern-opencl, enpass-opencl, ethereum-opencl, ethereum-presale-opencl, fvde-opencl, geli-opencl, iwork-opencl, keepass-opencl, keystore-opencl, krb5asrep-aes-opencl, lm-opencl, lp-opencl, lpcli-opencl, mscash-opencl, notes-opencl, office-opencl, openbsd-softraid-opencl, pbkdf2-hmac-md4-opencl, pbkdf2-hmac-md5-opencl, pem-opencl, pfx-opencl, pgpdisk-opencl, pgpsda-opencl, pgpwde-opencl, raw-sha512-free-opencl, salted-sha1-opencl, sappse-opencl, sl3-opencl, solarwinds-opencl, ssh-opencl, sspr-opencl, telegram-opencl, tezos-opencl, truecrypt-opencl, vmx-opencl, wpapsk-pmk-opencl, xsha512-free-opencl. - Dropped 6 OpenCL formats (functionality merged into other OpenCL formats): odf-aes-opencl, office2007-opencl, office2010-opencl, office2013-opencl, ssha-opencl, sxc-opencl. [Dhiru Kholia, magnum, Sayantan Datta, Elena Ago, terrybwest, Ivan Freed; 2015-2019] - We now have 407 CPU formats, up from 381 in 1.8.0-jumbo-1 (including pre-defined dynamic formats), or 262 non-dynamic CPU formats, up from 194 in 1.8.0-jumbo-1, despite having dropped many obsolete ones. (The formats may be listed with "--list=formats --format=cpu".) - Added 80 CPU formats (not including pre-defined dynamic formats): adxcrypt, andotp, androidbackup, ansible, argon2, as400-des, as400-ssha1, axcrypt, azuread, bestcrypt, bitlocker, bitshares, bitwarden, bks, dashlane, diskcryptor, dominosec8, dpapimk, electrum, enpass, ethereum, fortigate256, fvde, geli, has-160, itunes-backup, iwork, krb5-17, krb5-3, krb5asrep, krb5tgs, leet, lp, lpcli, md5crypt-long, monero, money, multibit, net-ah, notes, nsec3, o10glogon, o3logon, oracle12c, ospf, padlock, palshop, pbkdf2-hmac-md4, pbkdf2-hmac-md5, pem, pgpdisk, pgpsda, pgpwde, phps2, plaintext, qnx, racf-kdfaes, radius, raw-sha1-axcrypt, raw-sha3, saph, sappse, scram, securezip, signal, sl3, snmp, solarwinds, sspr, stribog-256, stribog-512, tacacs-plus, tc_ripemd160boot, telegram, tezos, vdi, vmx, wpapsk-pmk, xmpp-scram, zipmonster. - Dropped 12 CPU formats (not including pre-defined dynamic formats): aix-smd5, efs, md4-gen, nsldap, nt2, raw-sha, raw-sha1-ng, raw-sha256-ng, raw-sha512-ng, sha1-gen, ssh-ng, sxc. Their functionality is available in other formats - e.g., AIX smd5 hashes are now supported by our main md5crypt* formats. [Dhiru Kholia, JimF, magnum, Fist0urs, Rob Schoemaker, MrTchuss, Michael Kramer, Ralf Sager, bigendiansmalls, Agnieszka Bielec, Ivan Freed, Elena Ago, Claudio Andre, Solar; 2015-2019] - Several old formats got support for additional underlying hash, KDF, and/or cipher types under their previous format names, making them more general - e.g., the OpenBSD-SoftRAID format now supports bcrypt-pbkdf. [Dhiru, others] - Several file archive formats got better support for file format variations, large file support, and/or more complete verification (no longer producing false positives, and thus no longer needing to continue running after a first seemingly successful guess). [magnum, philsmd, JimF, others?] - Added many new pre-defined dynamic format recipes. See run/dynamic.conf. [Dhiru, JimF, Remi Dubois, Ivan Novikov; 2015-2018] - Added dynamic compiler mode that can handle simple custom algorithms on CPU (including with automatic use of SIMD) - e.g. "sha1(md5($p).$s)" - without any programming - just state that very string on the command line as "--format=dynamic='sha1(md5($p).$s)'". This is somewhat of a hack, but it has clever self-testing so if it seems to work chances are it really does. Available features include tens of fast hash functions (from common like MD5 to exotic ones like Whirlpool), string concatenation, encoding/decoding, conversion to lowercase or uppercase, and references to the password, salt, username, and string constants. See doc/DYNAMIC_EXPRESSIONS. [JimF; 2015] - Many formats now make better use of shared code, often with optimizations and/or SIMD support that was previously lacking. [magnum, JimF; 2015-2019] - Shared code for reversing steps in MD4/MD5/SHA-1/SHA-2, boosting several fast hash formats. [magnum; 2015] - We added a terrific "pseudo-intrinsics" abstraction layer, which lets us use the one same SIMD source code for many architectures and widths. [Zhang Lei, magnum, JimF; GSoC 2015, 2015-2019] - Where relevant, all SIMD formats now support AVX2, AVX-512 (taking advantage of AVX-512BW if present), and MIC, as well as NEON, ASIMD, and AltiVec - almost all of them using said pseudo-intrinsics (except for bitslice DES code, which comes from JtR core and uses its own pseudo-intrinsics for now). [magnum, Zhang Lei, JimF, Solar; GSoC 2015, 2015-2019] - When AES-NI is available, we now use it more or less globally, sometimes with quite significant boost. [magnum; 2015] - Runtime CPUID tests for SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX2, AVX512F, and AVX512BW (AVX and XOP were already present from 1.8 core), making it possible for distros to build a full-featured fallback chain for "any" x86 CPU (including along with fallback from OpenMP-enabled to non-OpenMP builds when only one thread would be run). See doc/README-DISTROS. [magnum; 2015, 2017, 2018] - Countless performance improvements (in terms of faster code, better early rejection, and/or things moved from host to device-side), sometimes to single formats, sometimes to all formats using a certain hash type, sometimes globally. [magnum, Claudio, Solar, others; 2015-2019] - Better tuning (by our team) of candidate password buffering for hundreds of CPU formats, as well as optional auto-tuning (on user's system, with "--tune=auto" and maybe also with "--verbosity=5" to see what it does) for all CPU formats, both with and without OpenMP. [magnum; 2018-2019] - Many OpenCL formats optimized and/or re-tuned to be friendly to newer NVIDIA and AMD GPUs, and to newer driver and OpenCL backend versions. Some OpenCL formats gained generally beneficial optimizations (for older hardware too), and notably our md5crypt-opencl is now about twice faster on older AMD GPUs as well. [Claudio, Solar, magnum; 2019] - Many improvements to OpenCL auto-tuning (which is enabled by default), where we try to arrive at an optimal combination of global and local work sizes, including addition of a backwards pass to retry lower global work sizes in case the device was not yet fully warmed up to its high-performance clock rate when the auto-tuning started (important for NVIDIA GTX 10xx series and above). [Claudio, magnum, Solar; 2015, 2019] - When auto-tuning an OpenCL format for a real run (not "--test"), tune for the actually loaded hashes (as opposed to test vectors) and in some cases for an actual candidate password length (inferred from the requested cracking mode and its settings). [magnum; 2017, 2019] - Nearly all OpenCL formats now do all post-processing on GPU, so don't need more than one CPU core. Post-processing on CPU is kept where it presumably wouldn't run well on a GPU (e.g. RAR or ZIP decompression), but for them we often have excellent early-reject - often even on device-side. [magnum, Dhiru; 2018-2019] - Graceful handling of GPU overheating - rather than terminate the process, JtR will now optionally (and by default) sleep until the temperature is below the limit, thereby adjusting the duty cycle to keep the temperature around the limit. (Applies to NVIDIA and old AMD drivers. We do not yet have GPU temperature monitoring for new AMD drivers.) [Claudio, Solar; 2019] - We've switched from 0-based to 1-based OpenCL device numbers for consistency with hashcat. (We also use 1-based numbers for ZTEX FPGA boards now.) [Claudio, magnum, Solar; 2019] - More efficient session interrupt/restore with many salts. Previously, we'd retest the current set of buffered candidate passwords against all salts; now we (re)test them only against previously untouched salts. This matters a lot when the candidate password buffers are large (e.g., for a GPU), target hash type is slow, and different salt count is large. [JimF; 2016-2017] - PRINCE cracking mode ("--prince[=FILE]") added due to kind contribution by atom of hashcat project. It's not a rewrite but atom's original code, with additions for JtR session restore and some extras. PRINCE is a wordlist-like mode, but it combines multiple words from a wordlist to form progressively longer candidate passwords. See doc/PRINCE. [atom, magnum; 2015] - Subsets cracking mode added ("--subsets[=CHARSET]"), which exploits the weakness of having too few different characters in a password even if those come from a much larger set of potential characters. A similar mode was already present as an external mode (originally by Solar) but the new mode is way faster, has full Unicode support (UTF-32 with no limitations whatsoever) and unlike that external mode it also supports session restore. See doc/SUBSETS. [magnum; 2019] - Hybrid external mode added. This means external mode can produce lots of candidates from a single base word. See "External Hybrid Scripting" in doc/EXTERNAL and "Hybrid_example", "Leet", and "Case" external modes in the default john.conf and the "HybridLeet" external mode in hybrid.conf. [JimF, Christien Rioux; 2016] - Stacking of cracking modes improved. Mask can now be stacked after any other cracking mode, referring to that other mode's output "word" as "?w" in the mask. See doc/MASK. The experimental "--regex" mode can be stacked before mask mode and after any other cracking mode. [magnum, JimF; 2015-2016] - Rules stacking. The new option "--rules-stack" can add rules to any cracking mode, or after the normal "--rules" option (so you get rules x rules). [magnum; 2018] - Support for what used to be hashcat-specific rules. The ones that did not clash with our existing commands just work out-of-the-box. Support for the ones that clash can be turned on/off at will within a rule set (using lines "!! hashcat logic ON" / "!! hashcat logic OFF"). See doc/RULES-hashcat. [JimF, magnum; 2016, 2018] - Added third-party hashcat rule sets to run/rules/ and referenced them from separate sections as well as from [List.Rules:hashcat] in default john.conf, so "--rules=hashcat" activates most of them. Our "--rules=all" also invokes these rules, but only as the last step after completing our usual rule sets. [magnum, individual rule set authors; 2018] - Support for giving short rule commands directly on the command line, including with preprocessor, e.g. "--rules=:[luc]$[0-9]" to request "lowercase, uppercase, or capitalize, and append a digit" (30 rules after preprocessor expansion). The leading colon requests this new feature, as opposed to requesting a rule set name like this option normally does. [JimF; 2016] - Support for running several rule sets once after another, e.g. "--rules=wordlist,shifttoggle". [JimF; 2016] - Enhanced the "single crack" mode (which targets hashes with candidate passwords derived from related information such as their corresponding usernames) to be reasonable to use on massively-parallel devices such as GPUs in some cases, which was never the case before (we advised for this mode to always be used purely on CPU). This is achieved through buffering of much larger numbers of candidate passwords per target salt (deriving them from application of a larger number of mangling rules) and teaching the rest of this mode's logic to cope up with such extensive buffering. As part of this change, means were added for limiting this mode's memory usage (relevant when hashes having a lot of different salts are loaded for cracking), most notably the "SingleMaxBufferSize" setting in john.conf (4 GB by default). See doc/MODES. [magnum; 2018] - Added means for supplying global seed words for "single crack" mode, from command line ("--single-seed=WORD[,...]") or file ("--single-wordlist=FILE"). [magnum; 2016] - Wordlist mode: Better suppression of UTF-8 BOMs at a little performance cost. [magnum; 2016] - Unicode support is now at version 11.0.0, and we also added a few legacy codepages. [magnum; 2018] - UTF-32 support in external modes. This made an awesome boost to Dumb16/32 and Repeats16/32 modes. [magnum; 2018] - Use our own invention "UTF-32-8" in subsets mode, for a significant boost in final conversion to UTF-8. In the future we will likely make much more use of this trick. [magnum; 2018] - Full Unicode/codepage support even for OpenCL - most notably for formats like NT and LM. [magnum; 2014-2019] - Perfect hash tables for quick matching of computed against loaded hashes on GPU, used by many of our fast hash OpenCL formats. So far, tested for up to 320 million SHA-1 hashes, which used up 10 GB of GPU memory and 63 GB of host memory. For comparison, when using CPU only (and bitmaps along with simpler non-perfect hash tables), the same hashes need 25 GB on host only, but the attack runs slower (than on-device mask mode, see below). [Sayantan; 2015] - On-device mask mode (and compare) implemented in nearly all OpenCL formats that need device-side mask acceleration. Unlike most (maybe all) other crackers, we can do full speed cracking (or e.g. hybrid wordlist + mask) beyond ASCII, e.g. cracking Russian or Greek NT hashes just as easy as "Latin-1" - and without any significant speed penalty. [Sayantan, Claudio, magnum; 2015-2019] - Many improvements to mask mode, including incrementing lengths with stretching of masks (so you can say e.g. "-mask=?a -min-len=5 -max-len=7". [Sayantan, magnum; 2015, 2018] - Uppercase ?W in mask mode, which is similar to ?w (takes another cracking mode's output "word" for construction of a hybrid mode) but toggles case of all characters in that "word". [Sayantan; 2015] - Extra (read-only) pot files that will be considered when loading hashes (such as to exclude hashes previously cracked on other systems, etc.) [magnum, JimF; 2015] - Improved support for huge "hashes" (e.g. RAR archives) by introducing shortened pot entries and an alternate read line function that can read arbitrarily long lines. [magnum, JimF; 2016] - A negative figure for "--max-run-time=N" will now abort after N seconds of not cracking anything. [magnum; 2016] - Improved logging with optional full date/time stamp ("LogDateFormat", "LogDateFormatUTC", "LogDateStderrFormat" in john.conf). [JimF; 2016] - JSON interface for frontends (like Johnny the GUI) to use in the future for querying stuff. [magnum, Aleksey Cherepanov; 2017, 2019] - Many updates to *2john programs for supporting more/newer input formats and runtime environments (e.g., Python 3 compatibility). [Dhiru, magnum, philsmd, Albert Veli, others; 2015-2018] - wpapcap2john: Support for more link types, more/newer packet types, more/newer algorithms e.g. 802.11n, anonce fuzzing, pcap-ng input format; dropped hard-coded limits in favor of dynamic allocations. [magnum; 2014-2018] - More extensive self-tests with "--test-full" and optional builtin formats fuzzer with "--fuzz" (when built with "./configure --enable-fuzz"). [Kai Zhao; GSoC 2015] - "configure" options "--enable-ubsan" and "--enable-ubsantrap" for building with UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer (we already had "--enable-asan" for building with AddressSanitizer in 1.8.0-jumbo-1). [Frank, JimF; 2015, 2017] - "configure" options "--disable-simd" and "--enable-simd=foo" to easily build without SIMD support or for a particular SIMD instruction set (other than the build host's best). [magnum, JimF; 2017] - Default to not enable OpenMP for fast hash formats where OpenMP scalability is too poor and we strongly recommend use of "--fork" instead. Accordingly, "configure" option "--disable-openmp-for-fast-formats" is replaced with its opposite "--enable-openmp-for-fast-formats". [magnum; 2015] - Lots of improvements and tweaks to our usage of autoconf. [magnum] - Many bug fixes, cleanups, unifications, and so on. Many fixes initiated from source code, static, or runtime checking tools like ASan, UbSan, and fuzzers. [magnum, Frank, Claudio, Solar, Christien Rioux, others; 2015-2019] - Many fixes for big-endian architectures and/or for those that don't allow unaligned access. [magnum, JimF, Claudio, Frank, Solar, others] - Many improvements to documentation, although we're still lagging behind. [magnum, Frank, Solar, others] - Far more extensive use of Continuous Integration (CI), where pull requests can't be merged until passing numerous tests on different platforms. This is mostly part of our development process and not the release, although some CI-related files do exist in our released tree. [Claudio, magnum; 2015-2019] --- Speaking of CI, here's a description from Claudio's repository, verbatim: --- Our CI (continuous integration) testing scheme stresses John the Ripper source code using: Windows: Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2016; BSDs: FreeBSD 11 and FreeBSD 12; MacOS: macOS 10.13 (Darwin Kernel Version 17.4.0); macOS 10.14 (Darwin Kernel Version 18.5.0); Linux: CentOS 6, Ubuntu 12.04, Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04, Ubuntu 17.10, Ubuntu 19.04 (devel), and Fedora 29; Compilers: gcc 4.4, gcc 4.6, gcc 4.8, gcc 5.4, gcc 6.2[^1], gcc 7.2, gcc 7.4, gcc 8.3, and gcc 9.0; clang 3.9, clang 4.0, clang 5.0, clang 6.0, clang 7.0, and clang 8.0; Xcode 9.4; Apple LLVM version 9.1.0 (clang-902.0.39.2); Xcode 10.2; Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4); SIMD and non-SIMD builds (including AVX512); OpenMP and non-OpenMP builds; LE (Little Endian) and BE (Big Endian) builds; ASAN (address sanitizer) and UBSAN (undefined behavior sanitizer); Fuzzing (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzing); MinGW + Wine (on Fedora Linux); CygWin on Windows Server; OpenCL on CPU using AMD drivers and POCL (http://portablecl.org/); And a final assessment using ARMv7 (armhf), ARMv8 (aarch64), PowerPC64 Little-Endian, and IBM System z. [^1]: will be decomissioned in May 2019. --- Enjoy, and please provide feedback via the john-users mailing list. Alexander
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