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Date: Thu, 26 Jun 2014 12:51:32 -0600
From: "Don A. Bailey" <donb@...uritymouse.com>
To: oss-security@...ts.openwall.com
Subject: LMS-2014-06-16-1: Oberhumer LZO
Hello All,
This is to inform you of a security flaw in the Oberhumer LZO algorithm,
typically packaged as liblzo2 or lzo-2. Please read the bug report inline.
Best,
Don A. Bailey
Founder / CEO
Lab Mouse Security
https://www.securitymouse.com/
#############################################################################
#
# Lab Mouse Security Report
# LMS-2014-06-16-1
#
Report ID: LMS-2014-06-16-1
CVE ID: CVE-2014-4607
Researcher Name: Don A. Bailey
Researcher Organization: Lab Mouse Security
Researcher Email: donb at securitymouse.com
Researcher Website: www.securitymouse.com
Vulnerability Status: Patched
Vulnerability Embargo: Broken
Vulnerability Class: Integer Overflow
Vulnerability Effect: Memory Corruption
Vulnerability Impact: DoS, RCE
Vulnerability DoS Practicality: Practical
Vulnerability RCE Practicality: Impractical
Vulnerability Criticality: High
Vulnerability Scope:
liblzo1:
- All versions of lzo1 are affected
liblzo2:
- All versions of lzo2 are affected
- Except for platforms that set both of the
LZO_UNALIGNED_OK_8 and LZO_UNALIGNED_OK_4 preprocessor macros
Vulnerability Tested:
liblzo1:
x86_64: vulnerable
i386: vulnerable
ARM: vulnerable
liblzo2:
x86_64: not vulnerable
i386: vulnerable
ARM: vulnerable
Functions Affected:
lzo1x_decompress_safe
lzo1y_decompress_safe
lzo1z_decompress_safe
Criticality Reasoning
---------------------
Despite the likelihood that this vulnerability will result in a simple denial
of service, there is a strong possibility that memory corruption can result
in remote code execution. If the LZO decompression algorithm is used in a
threaded or kernel context, it may be possible to corrupt memory structures
that control the flow of execution in other contexts. When the executive
switches context, control of a secondary thread or process may be obtained.
This attack is highly specialized and requires a deep understanding of the
target architecture to succeed. Therefore, it is possible, but impractical,
to implement a RCE attack using this bug.
Despite RCE being impractical, the criticality level must be defined as High
because the vulnerable algorithm has been in use since approximately 1999.
The set of affected systems is potentially large and unmanageable due to the
period of time the vulnerable algorithm has been deployed. As a result, there
may still be legacy systems in production that are vulnerable to RCE.
Vulnerability Description
-------------------------
An integer overflow may occur when processing any variant of a "literal run"
in the lzo1x_decompress_safe function. Each of these three locations is
subject to an integer overflow when processing zero bytes. The following code
depicts how the size of the literal array is generated:
if (t == 0)
{
NEED_IP(1);
while (*ip == 0)
{
t += 255;
ip++;
NEED_IP(1);
}
t += 15 + *ip++;
}
As long as zero byte (0x00) is encountered, the variable 't' will be
incremented by 255. Using approximately sixteen megabytes of zeros, 't' will
accumulate to a maximum unsigned integer value on a 32bit architecture. In
combination with the following code, the value of 't' will overflow:
/* copy literals */
assert(t > 0); NEED_OP(t+3); NEED_IP(t+4);
The NEED_OP() check will always pass in this case, because the size check
within the macro will evaluate based on the overflown integer, not the value
of 't'.
This exposes the code that copies literals to memory corruption.
It should be noted that the following code unintentionally saves certain
architectures from exposure:
#if defined(LZO_UNALIGNED_OK_8) && defined(LZO_UNALIGNED_OK_4)
t += 3;
Because the variable 't' is added by the same amount required to overflow the
NEED_OP() test, the integer will overflow to a safe amount, negating exposure
to an exploit.
It should be noted that if 't' is a 64bit integer, the overflow is still
possible, but impractical. An overflow would require so much input data that
an attack would be infeasible even in modern computers.
Vulnerability Resolution
------------------------
To resolve this issue, the NEED_OP and NEED_IP macros should be enhanced to
detect for integer overflow. This is the most reasonable and efficient
location for catching corrupted or instrumented payloads. By testing for
overflow here, an attacker is simply wasting time by forcing the function
to process a large amount of zero bytes.
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